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(PDF) The CSB-Minimum Income Protection Indicators dataset (CSB-MIPI) | Ive Marx - blogger.com
**You must notify CSB if you are attending college in order to have your monthly service charge waived. Savings and Money Market Accounts are subject to an Excess Debit fee for each transfer and/or withdrawal in excess of six (6) per monthly statement cycle in money market and savings accounts in accordance with Regulation D limits. 1/25/ · It then would seem that in order to arrive at the CSB rendering, the expected Greek phrasing should have been something like μονογενης, ο ων θεος, εις τον κολπον του πατρος -- but that also is equally unattested. In the end, the CSB reading at best remains a conflationary conjecture as noted earlier. Delete. Click on the “Download Kompozer” button and your download should start automatically. Once downloaded successfully, you can then install and use. It is important to note that active development has stopped on this project and this version of Kompozer is an initial updated version before development took a pause on the project.
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To learn more, view our Privacy Policy. Log In Sign Up. Download Free PDF. Ive Marx. Download with Google Download with Facebook or. A short summary of this paper. CSB-MIPI contains information on minimum income protection provisions for workers, download Accordance and then get the CSB for free people at working age not in work, and for the elderly.
For workers, download Accordance and then get the CSB for free, the focus is on the net income packages of minimum wage workers. For people not or no longer in work, the focus in on statutory social assistance entitlements or equivalent schemes. In all cases full account is taken of taxes, social security contributions, means-tested income supplements and child benefits.
While the primary focus is on income levels, CSB-MIPI also contains information on conditionality requirements in social assistance, associated rights and in-kind benefits. The database holds information spanning two decades. Information on net disposable incomes is available starting from for 15 EU countries. In addition, there are yearly time series on the evolution of gross benefit levels for the s and the s.
Information on conditionality requirements in social assistance is available for For that year there is also a module on crisis measures. Assumptions with respect to these are crucial when assessing the generosity of minimum income protection, as housing allowances constitute a substantial part of net disposable income. Child care costs are also included in the model family simulations.
It allows for detailed comparative analysis of income packages across a wide range of countries, population segments and family types. Furthermore, it is possible to assess elements of conditionality and empowerment, and also to gauge work incentives. Moreover, as the data have been gathered for three different moments in time, spanning two decades, it is possible to follow the evolution of the various income packages and their constituent components.
We devote substantial attention to the assumptions underlying the data and to the assessment of the cross-temporary download Accordance and then get the CSB for free cross-national comparability of the simulated income packages.
In addition, we describe and explain as far as possible the differences with comparable datasets. It is unlikely that it provides an answer to all issues and problems that researchers using this dataset may encounter.
If you have further questions, you can contact us by mailing to sarah. This working paper is work-in-progress as it will be revised occasionally in order to answer the most frequently asked questions.
The paper is organized as follows: In section 2 we describe which schemes have been included in the model family situations and in section 3 we elaborate on the method employed for computing the income packages, download Accordance and then get the CSB for free. In section 4 we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches to the evaluation of benefit levels.
Section 6 concludes. As shown in Table 1, five types of data have been collected: data on the evolution of gross benefit levels during the s and the s, model family simulations of net disposable incomes at several points in timeand and a discussion of the policy changes that may have affected the net disposable income of benefit recipients. In addition, the second wave also included questionnaires on conditionality requirements in social assistance and the impact of the recent crisis.
The questionnaires are included in appendix A to this report. In the remainder of this section, we describe the minimum income protection schemes that are included in the CSB-MIPI-dataset minimum wages, social assistance benefits for the able-bodied and the minimum income guarantee for elderly and briefly discuss the questionnaires.
Section 3 looks in detail at the methodology. Despite the existence of statutory wage floors wage-setting is a matter in which unions and employers generally retain a large degree of autonomy. In actual wage bargaining the national minimum wage often serves more of a benchmark purpose than anything else, marking the absolute floor of the wage structure.
Thus the importance of the minimum wage differs across countries. Table 3 contains estimates of the proportion of minimum wage workers 1. The estimated percentage of minimum wage earners among the working population varies from a low of 1.
CSB-MIPI national experts were asked to provide time series on gross minimum wages and to calculate net disposable income of 5 family types with one worker working at minimum wage, download Accordance and then get the CSB for free. Table 2 gives an overview of the assumptions used with respect to low wages in these countries.
The percentage here refers to all employees working for a wage around a minimum wage both qualified and non-qualified workers. The percentage for nonqualified workers is 6. Source: National experts see Table 1 in appendix A. Social assistance for able-bodied working-age populationThe CSB-MIPI dataset also provides information on benefit levels for those who are able-bodied, but without a job, and not entitled to insurance benefits.
Unlike previous studies on social assistance levels e. Nelson,we focus on a specific at-risk group rather than on specific minimum income protection arrangements e. We compare universal social assistance schemes with categorical schemes aiming specifically at the able-bodied. In most European countries those who, although healthy, have no job, nor have 'earned' social protection through work or contributions are entitled to universal benefits, i.
However, in a number of European countries income support for the able-bodied is categorical. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Finland and Hungary, download Accordance and then get the CSB for free is a specific programme in place for those who are able-bodied but are not or no longer entitled to contributory insurance benefits.
In the first four countries, means-tested support for the able-bodied is incorporated into the unemployment scheme. The focus on specific at-risk groups allows us to include elements of conditionality, sanctioning and empowerment. In most countries, social assistance benefit rates are determined at the national level. The Italian situation presents particular problems in measuring the generosity of the social safety net for working age persons. In addition, in Italy there is a relatively high level of discretion with regard to the determination of benefit eligibility and download Accordance and then get the CSB for free levels.
However, within the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families TANF programme which provides cash benefits to families with children, the states are able to determine largely their own course and, moreover, they are empowered download Accordance and then get the CSB for free organise additional social assistance schemes the socalled general assistance. Benefit levels in Nebraska are relatively high while they are relatively low in Texas relative, that is, in the US context.
New Jersey is in between. In Sweden and Norway, municipalities are relatively free to set their own benefit scales. In Sweden, national guidelines merely define the minimum level of social assistance, while in Norway, national guidelines are not binding. However, it should be noted that it is perceivable that benefit levels are atypically generous in Stockholm and Oslo. An empirical study by Lien and Pettersen points out that in Norway local benefit rates tend to increase with the size of the population, probably due to the higher cost of living.
Because cross-country comparisons are based on national rather than regional or local purchasing power parities, it is thus likely that studies that focus on benefit scales prevailing in urban localities overestimate the generosity of social safety nets in Nordic countries. An important exception with regard to social assistance is Greece, that has no nation-wide safety net which provides for the needy but healthy.
Means-tested income support is categorical and mainly targeted to the non-able bodied. Table 4 provides an overview of the social assistance schemes included in the CSB-MIPI dataset, plus the number of beneficiaries as a percentage of the population at working age 2. Source: National experts see Table 1 in appendix A Income guarantee for the elderlyAs is the case for the minimum wage and social assistance, for probing into minimum income protection for the elderly we aimed at comparing similar situations, rather than similar social protection systems.
National experts had some freedom to choose which scheme is the typical 'guaranteed minimum income for older people without sufficient resources'. Except for Denmark, a valid alternative for depicting minimum income situations, would be to refer to the general social assistance scheme. Second, in some countries the benefits are dependent on residence history and a full residence record has been assumed Denmark, the Netherlands, Finland, Norway, Sweden.
Migrants fall back on a lower benefit, or since the early s could benefit from specific schemes in some of these countries, download Accordance and then get the CSB for free.
Third, given the very different design of the different types of minimum income protection schemes, the importance of each of these schemes in terms of the number of beneficiaries varies considerably download Accordance and then get the CSB for free countries.
Although we try to apply as much as possible the risk-type approach, the interpretation of the results in terms of adequacy of the social safety net must be interpreted with the broader welfare state context in mind. Table 5 shows which schemes have been included in the project and the prevalence of each type of benefit around QuestionnaireThe questionnaire of the second wave consists of three parts: an explanation and discussion of the model family simulations, a brief discussion of the impact of the crisis and a pilot survey on conditionality requirements in social assistance.
We discuss each part in turn. Explanation and discussion of model family simulationsThe first part of the questionnaire explains how net disposable incomes of low income households have been estimated: the official label of the benefit schemes used, assumptions, sources, etc.
This part also provides information on the number of benefit recipients and the major policy changes that may have affected the net disposable income of minimum income recipients in the period.
Furthermore, in wave 2 we have included several questions with regard to non-discretionary supplementary benefits both cash e. Note that most of these benefits are not included in the model family results, which are mainly based on income from earnings, social assistance, child benefits and housing allowances. This questionnaire constitutes only a first attempt to get a more complete view on minimum income protection in the EU and the US. Questionnaire on impact of financial and economic crisisAnother purpose of the questionnaire is to capture how governments are adapting minimum income protection policies in order to respond to the economic recession.
The questionnaire provides a description of the main policy measures taken in the field of minimum income protection since the outbreak of the financial crisis. Questionnaire on conditionalitySocial assistance schemes commonly impose a range of work-seeking requirements on able-bodied recipients.
Therefore, databases that wish to capture minimum income protection policy cannot restrict themselves to a number of replacement rates and generosity indicators. They should acquire a proper understanding of the manner in which the new striving for integration and activation with the EU is taking shape in policy practice.
The existing body of knowledge on activation strategies for social assistance recipients is mainly based on observations in just a handful of European states. An important exception is the broad-based empirical study by Immervoll that did take stock of the responsibilities of social assistance recipients across OECD countries.
Our questionnaire intends to extend this inventory of benefit recipients' obligations to include more Central and Eastern European countries and, more importantly, to broaden its scope by extending it beyond indicators of statutory policy to indicators of actual implementation.
Table A. Method InformantsData have been provided by national experts on the basis of detailed questionnaires with specific instructions for the model family simulations. The questionnaire and relevant assumptions have been developed with a focus on the maximisation of cross-temporary and cross-national comparability. In case of doubt, national experts were asked to provide simulations that best depict minimum income situations. Whenever necessary, national experts have been asked to provide additional data, corrections and clarifications.
In order to increase comparability, as much as possible the same teams of experts have been chosen to provide data for the two waves.
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